詹姆逊辩证批评阐释下的“乌托邦”

Utopia in the Interpretation of Jameson's Dialectical Criticism

在詹姆逊理论构成当中存在着一个由"历史"、"总体性"、"意识形态"和"乌托邦"这四个相互勾连的概念所组成的总体性的概念丛,它在其理论内部占据着重要的结构性位置,并为其整个理论配置奠定了基础。作为詹姆逊文学和文化批评理论一个不可或缺的维度,詹姆逊的乌托邦与传统的乌托邦概念存在着本质上的差异,它是"意识形态"的一种补充,二者之间存在着辩证、共生的关系,并共同构成了詹姆逊批评话语的总体性视角。在詹姆逊"辩证批评"的总体背景下对"乌托邦"进行观照,可以看出它是政治无意识辩证批评肯定阐释的目标,是自由可能性的一种象征,是对意识形态封闭圈的突破。

The four concepts,namely history,totality,ideology and utopia,all together constitute a concept cluster that plays a significant role in F.Jameson's theoretical formation and turns out to be the foundation of his theoretical construction,in which utopia has acquired a substantially different meaning from the conventional one in Marxism genealogy.Jameson's utopia is an effective supplement to'ideology';the two dialectically symbiotic concepts both constitute Jameson's perspective of totality.In the setting of his'dialectic criticism',utopia is a positive interpretation goal of political unconscious dialectical criticism,a symbol of freedom possibility and a breakthrough in ideological closing circle.