市场转型与民众的分配公平观

Market Transition and People's Perception of the Principles of Distributive Justice in Contemporary China

本文将中国民众的分配公平观置于市场转型的背景中进行考察,以2005年中国综合调查资料为依据,探讨分配制度的市场化和个人理性因素对民众分配公平观的影响。研究结果表明,市场分配制度的建立,使人们树立了应得原则的分配公平观,同时这种分配公平观也获得了合法性的社会基础;而平均原则的分配公平观却得到了社会底层的支持,构成了居于主导地位的分配公平观的"分裂意识",并对应得原则的公平观以及市场分配制度的合法性形成了挑战。

This study explores people's perception of distributive justice in market transition in contemporary China.The author argues that both the marketization and rationality of individual self-interest affect people's preference to different principles of distributive justice.Statistical findings from a national sampling survey data of China(CGSS 2005)show that market distributive system makes the priciple of equity legitimate and the principle is supported by upper classes,while the principle of equality,as split-consciousness,is preferred by the lower classes,which challenges the legitimacy of equity and market distribution.