北京湿地退化的经济学分析

Economic Analysis of Wetlands Degradation in Beijing

应用环境经济学原理,结合湿地准公共资源性、正外部性、负外部性以及代际外部性等经济属性,对北京湿地退化的经济成因进行了分析。结果表明:北京湿地退化的成因主要是缺乏可以产生抵消作用的制约因素、非正规的社会制裁、正规并能有效执行的法律措施手段、正反两种外部性的补偿与制约以资源分配代际权利制衡机制等。

In this paper, the economic cause （such as the character of quasi-common resources, positive externality, negative externality and externality between generations） of wetland degradation in Beijing base on the approach and theories of environment economics have been discussed. The research shows that the reasons for wetland degradation in Beijing are as follow： Lack of restrict factor that can react on counteracting effect, informal social discipline and informal measure base on laws; lack of compensation and restriction for positive and negative externality; lack of unbalance distribution of wetlands resources existed within and between generations and the modernists have absolutely priority of exploitation and utilization of wetlands resources.