语言规范化的基本原则及策略

On the Basic Principles and Strategies of Language Standardization

本文在现代科学哲学和现代语言学观念的背景下重新讨论语言规范化的基本原则、策略及其相互关系。文章首先重新梳理理性原则和习性原则的内涵;接着从语言规范化的根本目标、操作效度、当前的学术范式转换等方面来分析理性原则和习性原则在理论价值和实践价值方面的差异,并由此推导出语言规范化应以理性原则(交际值原则)为主导性原则,习性原则只能成为下位层次的原则或策略。文章最后讨论语言规范化过程中原则和策略的互动关系问题。文章主张,语言规范化的根本目标是使语言交际更加有效、及时、到位。文章借此指出,对规范化基本原则的理论分析应该体现大的追求:规范化知识的增长。

Based on modern scientific philosophy and modern linguistics,this paper refocuses on the basic principles and strategies of language standardization and their relation.After analyzing the connotations of rational and customary principles,the paper discusses their theoretic and practical values in the aspects of basic objective and operational efficiency of language standardization and the current academic paradigm transformation.Then the paper deduces that the rational principle(i.e.the principle of communicational value) should be the dominative principle of language standardization,and the customary principle can only be a lower-level principle or a strategy.Then the interaction between the principles and the strategies during the process of language standardization is discussed.The paper advocates that,the basic objective of language standardization is to make the language communication more efficient,more timely and in place.