义务教育法对我国居民教育和收入的影响

The Effect of Compulsory Schooling Law on Education and Earnings

根据2005年吉林省的微观数据,本文应用微观经济计量方法分析了义务教育法的实施对我国居民教育和收入的影响。研究结果表明:义务教育法的实施,使得我国居民受教育年限增加0.3年左右,使得农村8.0%左右潜在退学者和城镇2.2%以上潜在退学者完成了九年义务教育,进而使得农村居民和城镇居民的高中教育普及率增加2.5%和6.9%左右,这说明义务教育法的实施对于我国居民受教育水平的提升具有明显的促进作用;义务教育法的实施,没有改变农村居民和城镇女性居民的教育收益率,但使得城镇男性高中学历人口年均教育收益率增加了4.5%,说明义务教育法的实施仅对城镇高中学历居民的收入起到促进作用。

The paper uses micro econometrical method and analyses the effect of compulsory schooling law on rural and town residents＇ education and earnings based on micro data of Jilin in 2005, supported by the law＇s implementation in the 1980s in China. The estimating results show that roughly 8.0 percent of rural potential dropouts remain in school because of compulsory schooling law, whereas the town proportion is about 2.2 percent. Moreover, we exploits whether students who attend school longer because of compulsory schooling receive higher earnings as a results of their increased schooling. Two-stage least squares results suggest that return of schooling of the town male residents who are forced to attend school by compulsory schooling laws is increased by 4.5 percent as a result of their increased schooling and the others＇ are not affected.