太阳岛风景区自然植物群落特征与演替趋势

Community Characteristics and Succession Tendency of Natural Plants in Sun Island Resort of Harbin

对太阳岛风景区自然江河漫滩地的植被进行了调查,初步得出了各群落的基本类型及其优势种类组成,并分析了群落的多样性及其结构。结果表明:太阳岛自然植物群落的植物区系属满洲植物区系与达乌里亚植物区系的交错地带;群落类型属山地森林向松嫩草甸草原过渡的森林草原;除了气候因子外,影响植被群落形成的因子主要是地形、土壤与水分;确定了自然群落演替趋势为沙生系列与湿生系列两大演替,最终的顶级群落分别为榆树疏林和温带落叶阔叶林或柳丛。

A survey on community type and species composition of natural communities was conducted at a floodplain area in Sun Island Resort of Harbin in order to analyse the variety and structure of plant communities. Result shows that the natural communities in the Sun Island Resort belong to the ecotone between Manzhou flora and Dawuli flora. The community type is characterized by forest steppe transiting from mountainous forest to Songnen grassland. Besides climatic factors, landform, soil and water are the main influencing factors on the formation of plant communities. The succession tendencies of the natural communities are composed of xerophyte and phreatophyte. The climax communities are elm sparse woods and temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest or willow shrub.