清道咸时期边疆史地学者的考证学特点

The Characteristics of the Studies of China's Frontiers From the Daoguang to Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty

道光、咸丰时期,由于社会形势的需要与学风的转变,从以考释为主而变为以论为主和以考为辅,或考论结合,这是考证上的新变化。与清初经世史学不同的是,此时史地学者的考证是紧扣时代跳动的脉搏,与筹边谋防联系在一起的。沈、俞正燮、张穆等史地学者原来也都致力于旧史辑佚与考订,并取得了相当的成就,后来都走上了究心时务、以经世为志的治史道路。

During the Daoguan and Xianfeng emperors, the textual research adjusted itself to the changes of social environment and study style. The new textual criticism took the place of the verbose textual research. Different from historiography ordering the world in early Qing dynasty, the scholars＇ textual criticism fastened the flouncing pulsation of the times. The scholars of studying China＇s frontier history and geography, such as Shen Yan, Yu Zhengxie, Zhang Mu, applied themselves to the verbose textual research and made considerable achievements. And then they all were concerned with the current affairs and pursued their historical studies of ordering the world.