“六·五战争”中阿拉伯国家石油禁运失败的原因

Failure of Oil Embargo of the Arab Countries after the War Launched by Israel on June 5,1967

1967年6月5日以色列在美国支持下向阿拉伯国家发起突然袭击,"六.五战争"爆发。为了制裁西方国家,阿拉伯国家使用"石油武器",对支持以色列的西方国家实行石油禁运。石油禁运是阿拉伯产油国实施的一项专门对美国施加压力的政策。阿拉伯人输掉了战争,蕴藏丰富石油的西奈半岛被以色列占领,石油禁运失败。究其原因在于阿拉伯石油生产国自身局限性,美国努力确保西方石油供给安全以及客观上国际石油市场的急剧变化。

On June 5, 1967, Israel launched a surprise attack on the Arab countries with the support of the United States. In order to sanction western countries, Arab countries used the ＂ oil weapon＂ to implement an oil embargo against western countries which supported Israel. Oil embargo of oil producing countries had put special pressure on the United States. Arabs lost the war, however, and the Sinai Peninsula rich in oil had been occupied by Israel. Thus, the oil embargo had come to a failure end. The author of this paper thinks that the reasons for failure should be the following： the limitations of Arab oil - producing countries themselves; the efforts of the United States to ensure oil supply security; and the dramatic changes took place in the international oil market.