试论中国煤矿床成因类型

PRELIMINARY DISCUSSIONOF GENETIC TYPE OF CHINA COAL DEPOSIT

煤矿床之形成取决于两项主要地质因素。其一为沉积因素，包括沉积物、沉积岩、沉积相、以及保存于沉积岩层中的生物化石，煤层即是一种特殊的化石沉积层；其二为构造因素，包括古构造、同沉积构造、以及构造古地理等等。在一个更深的层次中，此两项其实是互通的。依前者，可分为近海型和内陆型；依后者，可分为克拉通盆地、褶皱带盆地、继承性盆地、裂陷盆地、断陷盆地、陆缘盆地和侵蚀盆地等七种。若以前者为“类”，后者为“型”，置于同一组合框架，则产生二类八型，其中褶皱带盆地型同时存在于两类之中。这一成因类型划分可以囊括中国各个时代及各种成因模式的煤矿床。

Coal deposit are formed depending on main two geological factors.The first is a sedimentary factor,including sedimentary materials,sedimentary rock,sedimentary facies,and organic fossils preserving in sedimentary rock beds;coal seam also is a special fossils deposit;the second is a structural factorm,including ancient structure,syngenetic sedimentary seructure,and strdctural paleogeography and soon.Inface,two factors are the correspondence,in the deep consideration.On the basis of the former,it is devided into offshore type,inland type;on tye basis of the latter,it is devided into craton basin,fold basin,succeed basin,crack basin,fault basin,epicontinental basin,erosion basin,total together seven types.If the former as'group',the catter as 'type',putting into the same combination frame,it forms two groups,eightypes.Fold basin exists simultaneous in two groups.This classification of genetic type includes every epoch and every genesis coal deposits.