摘要
【目的】研究施肥量和灌水量对不同滴灌模式棉花产量、氮素利用效率(NUE)、水分利用效率(WUE)的水氮耦合效应的影响。【方法】试验设置1带4行、2带4行、2带6行3种滴灌模式,灌水量和施氮量采用二次通用旋转组合设计,进行大田小区棉花膜下滴灌试验。【结果】棉花产量的水氮耦合效应:灌水量和施氮量对棉花产量的影响,1带4行为灌水量>施氮量,2带4行和2带6行为施氮量>灌水量。在灌水量65.1~284.9mm的范围内,3种滴灌模式棉花产量与灌水量呈显著正相关。棉花产量与施肥量,1带4行施氮量16.2~94.2kg·hm-2呈显著的正相关,2带4行在施氮量为16.2~69.0kg·hm-2呈负相关,施氮量为69.0~94.2kg·hm-2呈正相关。2带6行施氮量为16.2~55.2kg·hm-2呈正相关,施氮量为55.2~94.2kg·hm-2呈负相关。棉花NUE的水氮耦合效应:灌水量和施氮量对棉花NUE的影响,3种模式均为施氮量>灌水量。氮素利用效率与施氮量的关系,1带4行施氮量16.2~82.2kg·hm-2,施氮量与NUE呈显著负相关,当施氮量为82.2~94.2kg·hm-2呈显著正相关。2带4行施氮量16.2~69.0kg·hm-2呈显著负相关,当施氮量为69.0~94.2kg·hm-2呈显著正相关。2带6行在施氮量16.2~94.2kg·hm-2呈负相关。在灌水量65.1~284.9mm的范围内,3种滴灌模式氮素利用效率与灌水量呈正相关。棉花WUE的水氮耦合效应:灌水量和施氮量对棉花WUE的影响,1带4行和2带4行灌水量>施氮量,2带6行为施氮量>灌水量。施氮量与水分利用效率,1带4行呈正相关,2带4行施氮量为16.2~41.4kg·hm-2呈负相关,施氮量为44.2~94.2kg·hm-2呈正相关。2带6行在施氮量为16.2~55.2kg·hm-2呈正相关,施氮量为55.2~94.2kg·hm-2呈负相关。在灌水量65.1~284.9mm范围内,3种滴灌模式棉花水分利用效率与灌水量均呈负相关。【结论】根据不同滴灌模式对水氮耦合效应,建立以棉花产量、NUE、WUE为目标的不同滴灌模式水氮管理策略,得出2带4行棉花滴灌模式为最能够促进水氮耦合效应发挥、有利于膜下滴灌棉花生长的田间水氮管理模式。
[ Objective] The objective of the paper was to study the coupling effect on cotton yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and water use efficiency (WUE) at different levels of water and nitrogen under different lateral placements. [Method] By using the factor of water and nitrogen in different drip irrigation lateral placements that including 1 lateral 4 rows, 2 laterals 4 rows and 2 laterals 6 rows, which using universal design of the second rotation, field experiments were conducted. [Result] The result showed that as for the coupling effect of water and nitrogen on cotton yield, that of water was more significant than nitrogen under 1 lateral 4 rows, nitrogen was more significant than water under 2 laterals 4 rows and 2 laterals 6 rows. Cotton yield of three drip irrigation patterns were positive correlated when irrigation water at 65.1-284.9 ram. At a certain level of nitrogen, in 1 lateral 4 rows, a positive correlation between nitrogen and cotton yield when nitrogen was 16.2-94.2 kg·hm^-2, in 2 laterals 4, a rows negative correlation when nitrogen was 16.2-69 kg·hm^-2and a positive correlation when nitrogen was 69-94.2 kg·hm^-2, in 2 laterals 6, a rows positive correlation in 16.2-55.2 kg·hm^-2 and a negative correlation in 55.2-94.2 kg·hm^-2. As for the coupling effect of water and nitrogen on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), nitrogen was more significant than water under the three drip irrigation patterns. In 1 lateral 4 rows, a negative correlation between NUE when nitrogen was 16.2-82.2 kg·hm^-2 and a positive correlation when N was 82.2-94.2 kg·hm^-2. In 2 laterals 4 rows, a negative correlation between NUE when nitrogen was 16.2-69.0 kg·hm^-2 and a positive correlation whan N was 69.0-94.2kg·hm^-2. In 2 laterals 6 rows, a negative correlation between NUE and when applied nitrogen within 16.2-94,2 kg·hm^-2. As for the three drip irrigation patterns, a positive correlation between water and NUE when irrigation water was in 65.1-284.9 mm. As for the coupling effect of water and nitrogen on water use efficiency (WUE), water was more significant than nitrogen under 1 lateral 4 rows and 2 laterals 4 rows, nitrogen was more significant than water under 2 laterals 6 rows In 1 lateral 4 rows, a positive correlation between nitrogen and WUE was found. In 2 laterals 4 rows, a negative correlation in the applied nitrogen of 16.2-41.4 kg·hm^-2 and a positive correlation in the applied nitrogen of 44.2-94.2 kg·hm^-2 was found, in 2 laterals-6 rows, a positive correlation in the applied nitrogen of 16.2-55.2 kg·hm^-2 and a negative correlation in 55.2-94.2 kg·hm^-2was found. In three drip irrigation patterns, a negative correlation between water and WUE under the condition of water in 65.1-284.9 mm was found. [Conclusion] According to different patterns of drip irrigation water and nitrogen coupling effect, different modes of drip irrigation water and nitrogen management strategy were established with cotton yield, NUE, WUE for the objectives the result showed that 2 laterals 4 rows are most effective in promotion of the coupling effect of water and nitrogen and is conducive to the drip irrigation of cotton fields of water and nitrogen management.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期1672-1681,共10页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(50579066
50879073)
关键词
不同滴灌模式
水氮耦合效应
氮素利用效率
水分利用效率
drip irrigation patterns
coupling effect of water and nitrogen
nitrogen use efficiency
water use efficiency