混合动力系统控制软件的开发

Development of Hybrid Powertrain Control Software

为提高混合动力电动汽车图形化算法人工编码的可靠性与快速性,以某型混联式混合动力电动轿车为研究对象,对以"驾驶员意图识别-能量管理-协调控制"为核心的多能源动力总成控制策略进行研究。按照混合动力系统多能源动力总成控制的特点,并针对不同的功能和性能需求,提出基于嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-II和层次式状态机实现框架的"四层/两库/一框架"式软件体系结构;从而将软件的不同功能分开,减小模块间的耦合,便于并行协同开发,提高算法的可移植性及可维护性。解决在手工编码方式下快速实现Matlab/Simulink/Stateflow仿真模型中的层次式状态机算法这一难题。将所开发的控制算法应用到该车上,进行多种工况的试验,并对换挡及制动能量回收等典型工况做简要分析。经过系统的实车试验及可靠性考核,证明控制软件可以准确地控制目标车型实现多工况运行及工况切换,且具备较高的可靠性。

Taking a hybrid electric vehicle （HEV） as the research object, the three component modules of the control strategy, including driver intent interpretation, energy management and coordinated control of the powertrain system are studied in order to improve the reliability of hybrid electric vehicle control program. Considering the characteristic of the hybrid electric vehicle, and to meet diverse functional and performance requirements, a creative real-time and efficient software architecture composed of four functional layers, two data units, and one framework is worked out on the basis of the real-time embedded operating system （RTOS） ~tC/OS-II and the event-driven application framework for executing hierarchical state machines. Thus the different functions of the software are separated, and the coupling between modules is reduced, so as to facilitate concurrent and collaborative development, and to enhance the maintainability and portability of the software. The issue on how to implement the control strategy developed under the simulation model Matlab/Simulink/Stateflow into the electric control unit as convenient as possible under hand-coding mode is solved. The software is applied on the HEV undergoing lots of experiences on the road, and some typical experiences including process of power shift and regenerative braking are analyzed. Through systematical vehicle test and reliability verification, it is proved that the designed software can control the hybrid powertrain properly and steadily.