话语误解的语用预设研究

Pragmatic Presupposition and Discourse Misunderstanding

话语误解现象广泛地存在于言语交际中。言语交际涉及说话人话语生成与听话人认知推理。作为话语信息组构起点和认知推理前提的语用预设对话语交际的成败具有重大影响。说话人语用预设量的偏差和说话人预设的语用含糊,均会影响说话人话语的明示性和突显度,制约听话人的正确推理,是造成话语误解的重要因由。

Discourse misunderstanding is a common and pervasive phenomenon in verbal communication. Verbal communication involves language production and language interpretation from interlocutors. Pragmatic presupposition which acts as a prerequisite for discourse construction and pragmatic inference plays an important role in verbal communication. This paper tries to probe into the pragmatic presupposition source for discourse misunderstanding based on Relevance The- ory and Prototype Theory. By analyzing some linguistic data, the writer points out that inadequate quantity of pragmatic presupposition and pragmatic vagueness from the speaker result in the production of the speaker＇s utterance which is not ostensive and salient enough for the addressee＇s inferential interpretation, Consequently, discourse misunderstanding arises.