摄影测量与遥感学科发展现状与趋势

Progresses and trends of photogrammetry and remote sensing

近年来,随着多种新型传感器和遥感平台的出现与成熟,遥感数据获取的能力得到了显著地增强,也为遥感数据的处理与应用带来了新的机遇与挑战。利用多传感器集成与各种影像、点云等数据之间的融合技术,能够有效地提高遥感数据的精度与可靠性,已成为摄影测量与遥感领域的重要发展趋势。本文分别从摄影测量和遥感两个方面对本领域的最新研究进展进行论述。其中摄影测量部分主要对各种新型传感器与平台的发展与应用进行探讨,其中包括:无人机系统、高分辨率遥感卫星、航空数码相机、机载与地面激光雷达系统以及移动测图系统,同时也对数字摄影测量处理平台、激光点云与光学影像的融合等技术进行深入分析。遥感部分则从基础物理与建模、合成孔径雷达、高光谱遥感、分类与变化检测算法等角度进行阐述。在文章的最后,对摄影测量与遥感整个学科的发展前景进行了展望。

In recent years, along with the various new types of sensors and platforms emerged and gradually matured, the capacity of remote sensing data collection has been remarkably enhanced, which brings more opportunities and challenges for data processing and application. Meanwhile, with the application of some multisensor and data integration methods, such as data fusion between images, point clouds and other data sources, both the accuracy and the reliability of remote sensing data processing will be effectively improved, which is considered as one of the most important research areas in photograrmnetry and remote sensing. In this article, photogrammetry and remote sensing are respectively discussed. The photogrammetry part mostly focuses on the progress and application of new types of sensors and platforms, such as high-resolution satellite, digital aerial camera, airbome and terrestrial laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicle and mobile mapping system. And the digital photogrammetry workstations, integration of L/DAR and photogrammetry technique are also discussed in detail. In remote sensing part, the content is organized as follows： fundamental physics and modeling, SAR, hyper-spectral remote sensing, classification and change detection algorithm. Finally, an expectation is made on the development of photogrametry and remote sensing in the coming years.