俄歇电子谱学在地球化学中的应用

APPLICATION OF AUGER ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY TO GEOCHEMISTRY

俄歇电子谱（ＡＥＳ）在研究ｎｍ厚度表面层物质的主量和微量元素组成有广泛用途。ＡＥＳ可以观察到高放大倍率的表面组构和形貌，其极端表面灵敏度、极好的侧向分辨率使它能够在μｍ尺度上对矿物表面不同的晶畴进行化学分析，证明在矿物单个表面上存在侧向不均一性。ＡＥＳ不仅在扫描模式下可检测痕量的二次相，也可用来分析直径在μｍ尺度的几个ｎｍ厚度的产物，同样ＡＥＳ在测定热爆低盐度流体包裹体极薄的盐膜时也显示出独特的能力。ＡＥＳ最有潜力的地质应用是可以在侧向分辨率为μｍ级时得到ｎｍ尺度上的深度剖面。用ＡＥＳ得到的深度剖面对于研究化学风化作用是很重要的，因为它们直接提供了反应随深度的变化规律。俄歇谱结合ＸＰＳ研究提供对矿物流体界面输运机制的研究方法和矿物流体之间的反应机制。

Auger electron spectroscopy has many geochemical applications to the study of near surface geological materials. It can be employed to analyze the relative atomic concentration of surface components semiquantitatively. The extreme near surface sensitivity and very high lateral resolution (<0 1μm) make it possible to identify the heterogeneity and discrete domains of mineral surface on a submicrometer scale. AES in scanning mode can be used to identify the newly nucleated alteration minerals and to get the chemical composition of the residue from the decrepitated fluid inclusion film on a nanometer scale. Depth profiles determined by AES are important to studies of chemical weathering. They provide direct evidence for the depth of reaction, and thus changes in the surface chemistry can be monitored as a function of depth within the minerals. When AES is combined with X ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it can be used to study the mechanism of transportation and reactions on mineral fluid interfaces.