不同培肥方式对菜田土壤微生物生态特征的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizations on Ecological Characteristics of Soil Microorganism

为探求不同培肥方式对土壤微生物生态特征的影响,对沈阳农业大学蔬菜长期定位施肥土壤进行了分析。结果表明:有机肥和低浓度氮肥配施处理可显著增加土壤真菌、细菌和放线菌的数量,土壤真菌数量为1.12×105个·g-1干土,土壤细菌数量为3.41×107个·g-1干土,土壤放线菌数量为2.44×106个·g-1干土;提高土壤真菌的多样性(1.8778)和均匀度(0.8497)。单施高浓度氮肥显著降低土壤真菌(8.99×104个·g-1干土)、细菌(5.91×106个·g-1干土)和放线菌(6.72×105个·g-1干土)的数量,真菌群落的多样性(0.6772)和均匀性(0.4273)也显著降低。

Characteristics of soil microorganism were observed under long-term fertilization conditions. Soil microorganism can be significantly affected by fertilizing practice on soil. The results showed that the amount of soil fungi, bacteria and actinomycete increased significantly by combined application of organic manure together with low amount of nitrogen, the values were 1.12×10^5·g^-1 dry soil,3.41×10^7·g^-1 dry soil and 2.44×10^6·g^-1dry soil;diversity and evenness of soil fungi also increased significantly,the values were 1.8778 and 0.849. Treatments with high amount of nitrogen decreased significantly the amount of soil fungi（8.99×10^4·g^-1dry soil）, bacteria （5.91×10^6·g^-1 dry soil）and actinomycete（6.72×10^5·g^-1dry soil）, diversity（0.6772） and evenness（0.4273） of soil fungi.