杨树中酚及酚酸与青杨天牛寄主选择和幼虫发育关系的研究

Study on the Relationship between Phenol and Phenolic Acid Constituents in Poplar with Saperda populnea Host Choice and Larva Growth

以在东北地区适生的白杨派、黑杨派、青杨派和杂交品系杨树为材料,对其酚酸及酚类物质的种类、含量与青杨天牛成虫产卵和幼虫发育的关系进行研究,以期确定杨树所含酚酸及酚类次生代谢物质与青杨天牛发生的关系。结果表明:在12年生的银中杨、欧洲黑杨和小青杨的韧皮部中能够检测到绿原酸、对羟基苯甲酸、丁香酸和水杨酸4种酚酸,未检测到香豆酸和阿魏酸,酚酸的总含量顺序为小青杨(0.410mg·g-1)>欧洲黑杨(0.24mg·g-1)>银中杨(0.053mg·g-1);韧皮部中均含有苯酚和邻苯二酚,银中杨的酚类物质含量最高,小青杨次之,欧洲黑杨的含量最低;在3年生的银中杨、新疆杨、荷兰3930杨、107杨、中黑防和美×青杨的木质部中检测到阿魏酸、香豆酸、丁香酸、对羟基苯甲酸、绿原酸、苯酚和邻苯二酚,新疆杨的酚酸总含量最高(0.473mg·g-1),银中杨和新疆杨两种酚类物质的总含量(1.021mg·g-1和1.460mg·g-1)低于其他品系。杨树韧皮部酚酸总含量与青杨天牛的产卵痕密度有显著的正相关关系,酚类与产卵痕密度相关关系不明显;木质部中酚酸和酚类的总含量与青杨天牛幼虫发育也没有显著的相关关系。

In order to determine the relationship between Saperda populnea and the phenolic acid and phenol constituents in poplar, Leuce, Aigeiros, Tacamahaca and hybrid poplar trees in the northeastern region were selected in this study.The kinds and content of phenolic acid and phenol constituents were analysed, and their relationship with the prosopon spawned and the larva growth relations of Saperda populnea were investigated. The results showed that four kinds of phenolic acids, chlorogenie acid, phydrobenzoic acid, syringic acid and salicylic acid were detected in twelve-year poplar phloem of three species, while the cumaric acid and the ferulic acid were not found. The order of the total content of phenolic acid was P.pseudo-simonii （0.410mg·g^-1）〉P.nigra （0.24mg·g^-1）〉 P.albaxP.berolinensis （0.053mg·g^-1）, while the order content of phenol and catechol was P. albaxP.berolinensis〉P.pseudo-simonii〉P.nigra. In three-year poplar tree xylem of six species, the ferulic acid, cumaric acid, syringic acid, p-hydrobenzoic acid, chlorogenie acid, phenol and catechol were detected. The total phenolic acid content was highest in P.alba var. pyramidalis（0.473 mg·g^-1）. In P.albaxP.berolinensis and P.alba var.pyramidalis（1.021 mg·g^-1 and 1.460 mg· g^-1）, the total content of two kinds of phenol was lower than that of other poplar species. A significant positive correlation between the total phenolic acid content in poplar phloem and Saperda populnea＇s density of spawning marks was observed, while phenols did not have obvious correlation with the spawning marks. The total phenolic acid content in xylem did not have significant correlation with Saperda populnea larvae growth.