地球内部构造和动力学的地震学研究

SEISMOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE EARTH'S INTERIOR AND GEODYNAMICS

扼要论述地震学研究在地球内部构造和动力学领域中取得的新进展。我国人工震源的观测在青藏高原、下扬子、大别造山带、华北地震区等获得了一批地壳细结构的成果，已广泛地用于地球动力学研究中。天然地震观测资料的层析成像取得了我国大陆地壳上地幔三维结构的图像。虽然大多数结果提供了地球动力学的背景，但就其分辨率而言还不足于进行有效的大陆动力学研究。笔者认为，提高最终三维模型的分辨率是当前地震学研究的关键之一。美国的两个地震学研究小组根据各自研究工作，揭示了地球内核自转比地幔和地壳部分快，是地震学对地球科学的重大贡献。

The seismic study on the Earth's internal structure and geodynamics and its recent advances are briefly introduced in this paper. A series of results about the fine crustal structure in the areas of Tibet Plateau, Lower Yangtze, Dabie Shan, North China have been obtained from the observations of artificial source, which are widely applied to the geodynamics study in China. The 3 D seismic structures of the crust and upper mantle in Chinese continent were acquired in the tomographical study of earthquake data. Though most results present the background of geodynamics, their resolutions are not enough for the effective study of the continental geodynamics. It is reminded that one of the key tasks in the present seismological study is to improve the resolution of the final model.Two seismic study groups in the United States had revealed separately that the rotation rate of Earth's inner core is faster than that of the mantle and crust. This is a significant contribution to the Earth Sciences.