C_(60)研究现状及前景

THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECT OF C 60 RESEARCH

碳除了具有传统观念上的石墨和金刚石两种同素异形体外，近年来人们又发现了第三种同素异形体———Ｃ６０。Ｃ６０以其独特的类似足球状的结构及性能，吸引了各国的科学家，对Ｃ６０的研究在全世界范围内如火如荼地开展起来。笔者在总结Ｃ６０的合成技术、分子结构与性能的基础上，探索了Ｃ６０作为一种新型材料所具有的应用潜力；回顾了从Ｃ６０发现至今十多年的研究历程，并首次将Ｃ６０的研究过程分成三个阶段，即起步阶段（１９８５年～１９９０年）、起飞阶段（１９９１年～１９９３年）和成熟阶段（１９９４年以后）；预测了Ｃ６０及其化合物的应用性研究将成为今后研究的重点和热点。最后，对当前Ｃ６０研究中存在的问题和难点进行了讨论。

In traditional idea, carbon has two isomers: graphite and diamond. Recently, a third isomer of carbon C 60 was found. With its special football like structure and properties, C 60 is interested in by lots of scientist of all the countries. The studies on C 60 have been developed in the whole world in a short time. This article describes the synthetic technology of C 60 , its structure and properties, then its prospective uses are analysed. The research history of C 60 may be divided into three periods: 1985～1990, 1991～1993, 1994～present. At the same time, the authors also predict that the application of C 60 and its compounds will be the focus of research and become more and more popular. Finally, the key questions on the studies of C 60 are especially pointed out.