中国改革开放以来发展观的转变对性别平等的影响

The Influence of the Transformation of Development Views on Gender Equivalence since China's Reform and Opening

改革开放30年以来,中国用以指导经济社会发展的理论或发展观,随着经济社会状况的变化也在发生着转变。在发展观的指导下,公共政策的价值取向也在发生着变化。以经济增长为导向的发展观,决定了公共政策"效率优先"的价值取向,这种价值取向对性别平等产生消极影响,是导致妇女在就业、社会保障和性别分工等方面处于弱势地位的原因之一;科学发展观的提出预示着中国发展观的转变,这种转变也决定了公共政策的价值取向由效率优先向更为注重公平的转向,这种转向为中国的性别平等事业带来机遇。在科学发展观的指导下,为了切实提高性别平等程度,还需要从以下几个方面努力:提高妇女参与公共政策的程度,促进妇女问题向公共政策问题的转化,营造有利于性别平等的文化环境。

Since China＇ s Reform, the theory and development view guiding economy have been changing with the transformation of economic and social situations. Directed by development view, the value orientation of public policies has also been changing. This kind of development view determines the ＂Efficiency First＂ value orientation. And its negative influence is one of the factors resulting in women＇ s vulnerable position in employment, social security and labor division. The proposal of Scientific Development View predicts the transformation of China＇ s development view, which decides the transformation of the value orientation in public policy from efficiency first to emphasis on fairness. And this transformation has brought chances for China＇ s gender equality. With the instruction of Scientific Development View, the following aspects should be enforced to improve the extent of gender equality： promoting women＇ s participation in public policies; advancing the transformation of women＇ s problems towards public policy problems; establishing cultural atmosphere in favor of gender equality.