雄肆腾跃启汉文——论贾山《至言》对西汉政论散文的影响

On the Enlightenment of a Work on XiHan Prose——On the impact of Jia Shan's " Best Remarks " on XiHan political comment prose

西汉散文,尤其是西汉的政论散文,在书写内容和话语形态上具有相对独立的特征,为其后的散文开启了写作形态上的规范。讨论西汉政论散文,不可忽视贾山《至言》对于西汉初年以及西汉中期散文的影响。这种影响大体表现在三个方面:论说的内容促动了"过秦"思潮的发展;语言表现手段促进了西汉政论散文写作形态的变革;引事取譬的方式促进了西汉散文用事方法的变化。虽然贾山《至言》的影响力远不如西汉一些重要的散文家大,但其首开范例之功,却不可埋没。

The XiHan prose, especially XiHan political comment prose, has the relatively independent characteristics in content and the linguistic form, which made a norm for the prose writing form thereafter. When discussing XiHan political comment prose, we can not ignore the impact of Jia Shan＇s ＂ Best remarks＂ o.n the prose in early and middle XiHan. By and large, the impacts are shown in three aspects： The exposition and argumentation content have actuated development of ＂ Criticize Qin＂ trend of thought; Linguistic manifestation means have promoted the transformation of XiHan political comment prose writing form; the way of obtaining its symbol from a quotation has boosted the change of symboling method in XiHan prose. Although the effect of Jia Shan＇s ＂ Best remarks ＂ is not as great as some other important prosers in XiHan, his contribution of setting a norm can not be neglected.