地表糙度的量测方法及对坡面径流和侵蚀的影响

On the Method for Measuring Ground Surface Roughness and Its Effect Upon Runoff and Erosion on the Slope Surface

通过室内试验及野外量测，提出了野外实用可靠的地表糙度量测方法，通过室内对不同糙度下地表径流及侵蚀过程的观测，研究了糙度对坡面径流的水流形态、流速、径流量及侵蚀量的影响规律，从而得出，糙度对侵蚀过程的影响较大，尤以对径流量及侵蚀量影响为甚，是土壤侵蚀预报中一个不容忽视的因子，将其引入有利于提高预报精度。

Based on the in -lab tests and the field measurements,a practical and reliable method for measuring gound surface roughness is given and effect of roughness upon the laws of runoff state, runoff velocity, runoff quantities and erosion quantities on the slope surface were studied through observations and measuements of surface runoff under different roughnesses in labs. It is suggested that roughness had agreat effect upon the erosion process.Roughness was an unignored factor in soil erosin prediction ,which could be introduced into soil erosion prediction, being favourable for improving the predicting accuracy.