镶嵌式博弈与公共品提供结构以王村为例

Embedded Games and the Supply Structure of Public Goods:A Case of Village

政府和市场通常被理解为公共品提供的两个主要机制,但这背后作为基础的还是两个逻辑:技术逻辑和制度逻辑,两者通常交互作用在一起。政府和社会机制主要依赖于制度逻辑,有别于政府因素,在制度逻辑中,"社会因素"能给公共品提供带来不同的可能性。镶嵌式博弈是制度逻辑中将一系列因素组织起来的核心机制,同时又因应不同的内、外部组织结构和人际关系,呈现出不同的博弈模型,包括慈父主义模型、智猪博弈模型、关联博弈模型等。农村公共品提供的研究因为很少深入到村民的视角,以上的机制通常也就难以清晰呈现。本文基于对王村桥梁修建和饮水工程问题的考察,更清晰地看到了当前中国农村公共品提供中的这一结构问题。从该主题出发,还能引发有关市场与社会问题的进一步讨论。

The government and market are usually thought of as the two major providers of public goods.However,behind them are the two fundamental logics:the technological logic and the institutional logic.These two logics are usually interwoven.The government and social mechanisms are typically dependent upon the institutional logic,which differs from the governmental factors.Within the institutional logic,'social factors' can open up varying possibilities for the supply of public goods.Embedded games serve as the core mechanism derived from the various factors organized by the institutional logic.This mechanism presents itself in different models as a function of different internal and external organizational and interpersonal relationships,such as the patronizing model,pigs' payoffs model,and correlated game model.The supply of public goods in the rural areas has rarely been examined from the villagers' perspective in research;therefore,the aforementioned mechanism is hard to be shown clearly.Based on the observations of the bridge building/repairing and the drinking water projects in Village Wang,this paper has clearly revealed this structural issue in the public goods supply in the rural areas of current China.This topic can also lead to a discussion about the market and social issues.