上海土山湾画馆的美术教学初探

Exploration on the Art Education in Tushanwan Painting Studio

土山湾画馆是在西方教会的直接影响与需求下创办的,是中国有史以来最早的西洋美术教育机构,徐悲鸿先生在1942年《新艺术运动之回顾与前瞻》一文中,把"土山湾画馆"比喻为"中国西洋画的摇篮"。作为前所未有的规模化的西画传授机构,土山湾画馆在办学的过程中逐步明确了培养对象和培养目标,确立了教学内容和教学方法,初步形成了其独特的"工场"教学模式,在客观上对中国近代美术教育起了启蒙与推进作用。

Tushanwan Painting Studio was the very first western art educational organization in China, and it was founded under the direct influence and in the need of the western churches. In Xu Beihong’s Reviewing and Perspective of the New Artistic Movement written in 1942, he treated ‘Tushanwan Painting Studio’ as ‘the cradle of western painting in China’. As a brand new organization teaching western painting,Tushanwan Painting Studio made clear step by step its training object and goal, set its educational contents and methods, formed its unique mode of teaching and learning of ‘studio’, and functioned objectively as enlightenment and advancement for the Chinese modern art education.