广州社区新生儿听力筛查

Clinical analysis of newborn hearing screening in Guangzhou community

目的通过对社区新生儿进行听力筛查,了解基层医院新生儿听力缺陷的发病情况。方法应用畸变产物耳声发射仪对在本院出生的989例新生儿进行普遍性听力筛查。初筛年龄为出生后3～7d。对于一次未通过者,42d时进行复筛。结果初筛通过912例(92.21%),未通过77例。未通过者中,45例经复筛通过36例,未通过9例(其中顺产6例,高危3例)。复筛未通过者转上级医院进行听性脑干反应检查进一步确诊听力损害3例。其余32例因转外院(5例)、拒绝检查或其他原因致失访(27例)未进行复筛。结论畸变产物耳声发射具有良好的频率特异性,是听力筛查及检测早期毛细胞功能改变的有效方法。借助耳声发射仪对新生儿进行听力筛查,能及时发现耳聋,进而早期干预,达到聋而不哑的目的。

Objective To survey the incidence of hearing loss in infant born in the community by hearing screening. Methods Distortion products otoacoustic emissions （DPOAE） was applied for newborn hearing screening in 989 eases. The initial screening was performed in 3 to 7 days after born, those who failed to pass the initial test accepted the second screening on the 42 day. Results Ninety hundred and twelve eases passed the first hearing screening, ac- counting for 92.21%. Seventy-seven cases failed, in which 5 eases were transferred to other hospitas and 27 cases re- fused rescreening or were not followed up for some other reasons after being dischonged from hospital. The other 45 cases accepted rescreening and 36 eases passed. Nine cases who failed to pass the rescreening including natural delivery （6 cases） and high risk （3 cases） were transferred to the superior hospital for auditory brainstem response test and con- firmed as hearing damage in 3 cases. Conclusions DPOAE was an effective method for hearing screening and early de- tection of hair cell function on account of good frequency characteristics. With DPOAE exemination for newborn hearing screening, hearing loss could be early detected and intervented to achieve deaf but not dumb.