聚丙烯酰胺对紫色土氮素淋溶特征的影响

Effects of Polyacrylamide Application on the Eluviations of Nitrogen in Purple Soil

采用室内人工土柱模拟试验方法,研究了聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)对紫色土NH4+和NO3-淋溶特征的影响。研究表明,PAM施用后,对土壤中氮素的迁移淋溶特性产生了明显影响,处理效果与施用浓度有关,PAM浓度0.01%～0.05%处理明显抑制了土壤氮素的垂直迁移,而PAM浓度高于0.1%时,抑制作用不突出甚至促进氮素的淋出。以0.01%PAM处理抑制效果最好,淋滤液中NH4+和NO3-累积淋失量分别较对照减少了12.43%和18.08%,氮素输出总量较对照减少了16.97%;土壤表层(0～5cm)NH4+和NO3-分别较对照增加了322%和31.3%,土壤下层(25～30cm)NH4+和NO3-较对照减少了41.3%和78.8%。说明PAM具有很好的保肥和抗淋溶作用,为其应用于农田氮素养分调控提供了基础依据。

The effect of polyacrylamide （PAM）on the eluviations of NH4＋ and NO3- in purple soil was studied by the intermittent leaching experiment. The results showed that the effects of PAM was strikingly to transfer and eluviate of nitrogen. The low dosage （0.01%-0.05%） was excelled than the high dosage （0.1%-0.2%）. The dosage （0.01%-0. 05%）restrained the move of nitrogen. When treated by PAM0.01% （the percentage of soil） ,the effect was significant. The NH4＊ and NO3- accumulated in soil soluble liquid decreased by 12.43% and 18.08% compared with the control. The output of TN decreased by 16.97% compared with the control. The NH4＋ and NO3- in soil surface layer increased by 322% and 31.3% in the substrate. The NH4＋ and NO3- decreased by 41.3% and 78.8%. PAM had good effects on keeping fertilizer and Anti-water-washing of nitrogen.