免耕系统土壤氮素有效性及其管理

Availability of Nitrogen and Its Management in No-till System

相对于传统耕作,免耕改变了土壤微环境,因此改变了肥料及土壤氮的转化规律。为促进免耕技术在中国的发展及推广,本文就免耕系统土壤氮素的有效性及其管理进行了综述。详细阐述了免耕条件下氮矿化、固定、硝化、反硝化、挥发、淋失和侵蚀过程对土壤氮有效性的影响,同时归纳了氮肥类型、用量、施用方式和使用时间对作物氮有效性的影响。

No-tillage influenced soil microenvironment, thereby changed the transformation of nitrogen fertilizer or soil nitrogen. In order to promote the development and extension of no-tillage technology in China, the availability of soil nitrogen and its management in no-tillage was reviewed. The studies explained specifically the influences of nitrogen mineralization, mobilization, nitrification, volatilization, leaching and erosion on the nitrogen availability for crops and summed up the effects of nitrogen source, application time, method of placement and application rate on the nitrogen availability in no-till system, which was associated with the local soil and environment.