红外光谱对有机废弃物堆肥的监测研究

Study on Infrared Spectrum of the Compost with Organic Waste

研究了堆肥过程中红外光谱特征。在堆肥过程中,变化最大的是类脂,脂肪酸等有机质。红外光谱表征有:亚甲基伸缩振动在2 925和2 850 cm-1,C=O伸缩振动在1 640 cm-1,羧酸OH面内弯曲振动,羧酸盐COO伸缩振动以及亚甲基弯曲振动在1 430 cm-1存在吸收,强度随堆肥的酵解而下降直至平稳,羧酸C-O的或氨基类C-N的伸展振动在1 260～1 240 cm-1之间,芳香胺出现在1 320 cm-1,堆肥的后期出现硝酸盐,并在1 384 cm-1处产生特征吸收,1 640 cm-1附近的吸收峰与堆肥原料中木质素,腐殖酸和鞣质等有关,属于芳环的C=C伸缩振动。结果表明红外光谱能提供堆肥化学物质降解行为的详细信息,有利于堆肥降解过程控制和实时检测,是堆肥降解分析的有用工具。

The characters of infrared spectrum during compost process of organic waste was studied. In compost process, the organic matters （lipoid and fatty acid etc.） changed the most quickly. The characterizations of infrared spectrum showed as follows： the stretching vibration of methylene is between 2 925-2 850 cm^-1, stretching vibration of carbonyl （C=O） is in 1 640 cm^-1, stretching vibration of carboxy COO is in 1 430 cm^-1, bending vibrations of C-O and C-N are between 1 260-1 240 cm^-1, aromatic amine is shown in 1 320 cm^-1, nitrate appears in the later period of compost and characteristic absorption appears in 1 384 cm^-1, the characteristic absorption peaks around 1 640 cm^-1 are related to lignin, humic acid and tannin etc, which belonged to stretching vibration of C=C in aromatic rings. The results showed that the infrared spectrum could provide detail information of chemical degradation behavior in compost, and which is appropriate to real-time control and measure of the degradation process of compost. The infrared spectrum is a useful implement of degradation analysis of compost.