用显微镜和电镜观测高句丽时期丸都山城宫殿址部分铁器的腐蚀状况

Study and inspection of iron objects excavated form palace site of Wandu Mountain City

为了从宏观和微观上掌握有关高句丽铁器的保存状况、腐蚀产物组成和结构,更深入了解文物保存的宏观表象和微观组分、结构之间的关系,借助偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、体式显微镜对选定的丸都山城宫殿址出土的8件铁器的基体及锈层进行观察分析。结果表明,褐色腐蚀微滴在器型较大的三件器物中均观察到,其中在2001JWGT806③:67中褐色腐蚀微滴周围的腐蚀物中,还分别观察到红褐色针状和黄褐色片状结构。另外有三件器物的锈蚀层外围都存在白亮枝状结构物质。腐蚀层存在枝状结构的器物中未观察到新腐蚀产物—褐色腐蚀液滴,两者不同时存在。腐蚀层中硫、氯含量呈不均匀性,但此两项影响腐蚀的因素变化趋势类同。从含氧量判断,腐蚀产物尤其是外层含氧量更高。铁钉履腐蚀速率大大超过其余器物,按腐蚀面积计,表面存在黑亮表层的几件器物腐蚀速率明显较低;大型器物的腐蚀明显比小型者严重。

The deterioration of iron artefacts may involve a number of different decay mechanisms and produce a variety of morphologies dependent on the mode of formation of the deterioration product and the type of artefact concerned. Metal artifacts deterioration can be considered as derived from reconstruetiton. It is here that discussion of the layer of band and branch microstructures observed in Koguryo ancient iron artefacts, which is forwardable to achieve better preserving state through metallography microscopy and SEM examination. The relative mild climate burial conditions are in favor of metal artifacts conservation, which may be one of the most important reasons that produced the solid precipitation which has a type of special morphology.