鸢尾组织培养中防褐化技术研究

Experiment Study on the Browning Prevention Technology in Tissue Culture of Iris germanica

[目的]研究鸢尾组织培养中的防褐化技术。[方法]以德国鸢尾黄娃娃、血石和不朽白3个品种为培养材料，以Ms＋15g/L蔗糖＋8∥L琼脂粉为基本培养基，研究影响鸢尾组织培养的褐化因素与防褐化技术。[结果]鸢尾的新生芽和花瓣较适宜作组织培养的外植体，与其他部位相比褐变率较低；外植体组织块适中（3mm×3mm×3mm）可降低褐变率；在培养基中加入0．1％vc或0．3％活性炭对防止组织褐化效果明显；外源激素2mg/L6-BA易引发褐变，2mg／L Kt和2mg／LNAA对组织褐变影响不大；使用乙醇消毒剂时，对外植体浸泡时间以5～10s为佳，褐变率最低；全光照条件培养容易诱发褐变，采用仿人工气候条件培养较其他条件培养可有效抑制褐变的发生。[结论]该研究为鸢尾工厂化育苗研究提供参考。

[ Objective] The research aimed to study the browning prevention techniques in tissue culture of Iris germanica. [ Method] With three varieties of Sun Dou, Bloodstone and hnmortality of Gemnn I. germanica as cultured material, and MS ＋ 15 g/L sucrose ＋ 8 g/L agar powder as basic medium, the effect of browning factor and browning prevemiou techniques in tissue culture of I. germanica was studied. [ Result ] The new buds and petals of 1. germanica was proper to be used as explant of tissue culture, with lower browning rate compared with other positions. The well situated tissue block of explant （3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm） might reduce browning rote. Adding 0.1% Vc or 0.3 % active carbon in medium had obvious effect on preventing tissue browning. The exogenous hormone 2 ng/L 6-BA was easy to lead to brownness turning, and 2 mg/L Kt and 2 mg/L NAA brought less effect to tissue browning. When using disinfectants of alcohol, its dipping time of 5 - 10 s for explant was the best, with the minimum browning rate. The culture under full illumination condition was liable to induce brownness mining, compared with other cultured conditions, the brownness turning could be restrained effectively by using imitating artificial climate condition for culture. [Conclusion] The study provided reference for research of industrial seedling of 1. germanica.