肾脏发育的分子调控机制

Molecular Mechanisms for Regulation of Kidney Development

随着分子生物学技术的迅猛发展和广泛应用，参与肾脏发育过程的新基因相继被发现，肾脏发育过程中复杂的分子信号调控机制也得到进一步的研究，为阐明肾脏疾病的发病机制及从基因水平开展治疗提供了新的思路。文章对肾脏发育的3个阶段，即输尿管芽的发生和分支形成、生后肾原基的早期上皮性分化、肾小球血管球的发生和发育的分子信号调控研究进展进行了总结，主要涉及多种转录因子、生长因子及细胞因子，同时细胞外基质和黏附分子也参与其调控。

With the rapid development and extensive application of molecular biological technology, many novel genes involved in kidney development have been successively discovered. Corre- spondingly, the regulation mechanisms of the complex molecular signals have also been further studied, leading to new concepts elucidating kidney pathogenesis and facilitating genetic treatment of kidney diseases. This review summarizes the current progress in study of molecular mechanisms involved in three stages of kidney development ： ureteric bud outgrowth and branching morphogenesis, early mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, and glomerulus development, where many transcription factors, growth factors and cytokines play critical role. Besides, extracellular matrix and adhesion molecules are also involved in these processes.