转基因猪异种器官移植应用前景

Prospects for Xenotransplantation of Transgenic Pigs

转基因猪能为人类提供可移植的异种器官,解决移植器官短缺的问题。但是,异种移植后产生的免疫排斥反应,主要包括超急性排斥反应和迟发性排斥反应,它们最终将导致移植物的致命损伤,是限制异种器官广泛应用的最大障碍。最近的一些研究,在克服免疫排斥方面已经取得了可喜的成果。作为异种器官供体,猪携带的内源性逆转录病毒也可能对人体产生潜在的威胁。迄今,还没有研究证明其不会感染人类机体。本文针对异种器官移植后的免疫排斥发生的机理,克服免疫排斥的方法以及逆转录病毒的潜在感染等方面进行了综述和讨论。

Transgenics can provide organs of xenotransplantation for human to solve the shortage of organs. But the major limitation to more widespread utilization is immune rejection after transplantation, including hyperacute rejection and delayed rejection, which will eventually lead to graft a fatal injury. A number of recent studies have achieved encouraging results in overcoming the immune rejection .As for donor ofxenogenic organs, pigs carrying the to humans may have a potential threat. To date, no studays prove that the endogenous retrovirus will not infect human body. This article reviews xenograft rejection and biosafety issues on genetically modified pigs for xenotransplantation. This paper reviewed and discussed mechanism of immune rejection, the method of overcoming immune rejection and potential infection of endogenous retrovirus after xenotransplantation.