赫斯特伍德的悲剧新论——《嘉莉妹妹》中男主人公的中国式批判

Contemporary Hurstwood's Tragedy Criticism——Chinese Criticism of the Hero in Sister Carrie

对《嘉莉妹妹》中男主人公赫斯特伍德的悲剧性人生的研究很少,且主要运用丛林法则和城市理论等西方理论,把赫斯特伍德失败的主要原因归咎于城市化发展和职业特性的外因。本文用以中格西的方法,运用孔子和庄子的思想来分析其失败的原因,发现赫斯特伍德心中的内因是导致其悲剧人生的最重要的因素,不容忽视。文本中赫斯特伍德追悔过去,盲目幻想,做事极端,而且没有忧患意识,不能防患于未然,不能认清其自身的生命价值,连死亡也不知怎样面对,从而导致了自己的悲剧性人生。

There have been few studies on the tragic life of Hurstwood, hero of Sister Carrie, which only attribute the blame to the external factors of the urbanized development and the professional characteristics by using the jungle principle and the city theory, etc. This article analyzes his defeat by using the thoughts of Confucius and Zhuangzi and discovers that the internal cause accounts for his tragedy, which should not be neglected. Hurstwood regretted the past, cherished blind fantasy, and worked the extreme. Moreover, he did not have the sense of hardship, and could not prevent accidents before they occur. Mo- reover, he could not clearly recognize the value of his own life and did not know how to face death, thus resulting in his own tragic life.