评涂尔干的社会学理论和方法对马克·布洛赫的影响

A Critical Review of the Influence of Durkheim's Theory and Methods in Sociology on Marc Bloch

马克·布洛赫在其历史研究中运用了很多涂尔干社会学的理论方法和范畴,《封建社会》是其方法论的典范。涂尔干的方法是有实证主义倾向的,但布洛赫保持了作为历史学家的独立性和灵活性,只是用涂尔干的方法作为分析历史问题的一种视角。

In historic research, Marc Bloeh applied many of Durkheim＇ s theories, methods and category in sociology, Feudal Society taken as an exemplar of his methodology. Positivism inclination existed in Durkheim＇ s methods, but maintaining the independence and flexibility a historian is supposed to hold on, Bloch only used Durkheim＇ s methods as a perspective to analyze historical problems rather than a mode for interpreting the whole history