论日本文学“俳谐诗”文化范式的禅学情韵

Zen Poetry’s Beautiful Realm in Japanese Literature Discourse Construction of Haikai

日本文化推崇禅宗的"山水真如"的境界,而禅宗文化又观照着日本的俳句、汉文学、儒学、绘画、庭园建筑、花道等诸多艺术苑囿。日本的古典短诗是由17字音组成,原称俳谐。其俳句较多地采取象征和比喻手法,崇尚简洁、含蓄、雅淡,比和歌更为精练。然松尾芭蕉以其孤独的心境,到大自然中去寻找对应物,以心灵与之交流,表现出自然、真诚的生命性灵。由此,芭蕉的俳句也因其境界的幽雅、闲寂、清苦而在日本文学界享有盛誉。

Japanese culture respected Zen landscape as the realm, and the Zen culture is concerned about the Japanese haiku, Chinese literature, Confucianism, painting, garden architecture, and many other art fields, such as Japan＇ s classical verse which is a divergence in pronunciation from 17 components, formerly known as Haikai. Its haiku takes the symbol and metaphor in most cases, advocating simple, subtle and elegant ratio and a more concise song. However, Matsuo Basho goes to nature with its lonely state of mind to find the counterpart to the soul with the exchange, showing the natural and sincere spirit of life. Thus, Basho haiku is well-known because of their realm of elegant, free silence, poverty and literary reputation in Japan.