深圳市社区护理人力资源和工作现状调查分析

Investigation on Human Resources of Community Health Center and Community Nurses' Work Life in Shenzhen Communities

目的了解深圳市社区护理人力资源和工作现状,找出存在的问题,以寻找解决问题的对策和办法。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,对深圳市12个社区卫生服务中心的12名护理管理者、66名护士,社区7200名老年人、育龄妇女和劳务工进行调查。结果社区卫生服务中心社区护士和医生的比例为0.8∶1,护士与建立健康档案人数之比为1∶4409;深圳市社区护理人员以低龄(20～29岁占53.8%)、低学历(大中专占92.3%)、低职称(护士、护师占78.2%)、聘用护士(占67.9%)为主;社区护理工作以治疗为主,占每天工作时间的54.5%;老年人、育龄妇女、劳务工对社区健康教育需求较高,占80.0%以上。结论做好深圳市社区卫生护理工作,必须稳定社区护理人才队伍、增加社区护理人员的数量、加强社区护理人员的培训、积极拓展社区护理服务内容。

Objective To investigate the community nursing staff and their work life in Shenzhen, and to identify the existing prob- lems and find solutions to them. Methods Totally, 12 managers, 66 nurses and 7 200 community residents from 12 communities in Shenzhen were surveyed by using a self-designed questionnaire. Results The nurse/doctor ratio in the 12 communities averaged 0.8 ： 1 ; the ratio of nurses to the residents who had set up health profiles was 1 ： 4 409. Of all the nurses in the 12 communities, 53.8% aged from 20 to 29, 92.3% had low educational background, 78.2% achieved low professional titles, 67.9% were unofficially employed. Medical treatment accounts for 54.5 % the daily work hours. More than 80.0% of community residents, including older adults, childbearing women, and migrant workers, strongly called for health education. Conclusion Effective measures, inclu- ding increasing the number of community nurses, enhancing the training of nurses and expanding the range of nursing services, should be taken to provide better health services for community residents.