美国和墨西哥在北美经济一体化中的贸易效应比较

Comparison of USA & Mexico's Trade Effects Under the Economic Integration of North America

北美经济一体化作为一种南北型的经济一体化形式,对成员国是否具有相同的贸易增长效应,一直是一个理论争议的焦点。我们对美国和墨西哥在CUSTA和NAFTA中贸易流变化进行实证分析,结果显示:北美经济一体化总体上更有利于美国的贸易增长,而不利于墨西哥,而且这种收益差距越来越大。所以,发展中国家参与南北型区域经济一体化组织,应该一方面调整国内产业结构,另一方面逐步开放市场。

The economic integration of North America is a kind of NORTH SOUTH economic integration. There is a hot debate about whether the NORTH-SOUTH economic integration really has equal trade effects on the member states. We have analyzed the changes of United States and Mexico ＇s trade flows in NAFTA and CUSTA and the empirical results show that： the North America economic integration is totally more conducive in trade growth of the United States, rather than in favor of Mexico, and this income gap is growing. Therefore, when the developing countries takes part in the NORTH-SOUTH regional economic integration, it should adjust the domestic industrial structure, on the one hand, and gradually open up its markets, on the other hand.