广东2008年低温雨雪冰冻灾害及气象应急响应

Disaster and Emergency Response of the Cryogenic Freezing Rain and Snow Weather in Guangdong in 2008

2008年初我国南方遭受了百年一遇低温雨雪冰冻灾害,广东的受灾程度属80年一遇,造成了重大经济损失和严重社会影响。分析发现:灾害过程在近年来最严重的一次"拉尼娜"事件背景下发生的,与欧亚地区持续大气环流异常密切相关。在"北脊南槽"和西太平洋副高偏北偏强的形势下,冷暖气流在我国南方地区频繁交汇,使对流层中低层形成逆温层和局地经向环流产生异常,造成了此次持续低温雨雪冰冻过程。面对灾害引发的公共事件,广东省气象部门打破常规、准确预警,启动预案,通过媒体和"公共事件预警信息发布平台",及时传播权威的公共预警信息,为安定民心、稳定社会、减少灾害起到积极作用。灾后反思发现,山区冰灾的监测、灾害的评估、公共信息发布等的能力和规范均亟待加强。

At the beginning of 2008, South China encounters freezing rain disaster which is the most serious freezing rain in the past 100 year. Especially in Guangdong Province, it caused great economic loss and social impact. The results show that this case is associated with La Nina event and anomalous atmospheric circulation. The circulation situation of the middle and high levels in Asia and Europe was a pattern of north ridge and south trough circulation pattern and the western Pacific subtropical high was stronger in intensity and northward in position. The cold air moving down from the north-east side of Tibetan Plateau and butting up against moist southerly form the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea produced the low-level temperature inversion over South China and the anomalous local-meridional circulation,which caused the continuous cryogenic freezing rain and snow weather. When confront the public events that caused by the freezing rain, Guangdong Provincial Meteorology Bureau has a good communication with the media, authority weather warning information are published in time, which has a positive effect in stabilize the popular feelings and society. Rethinking of disaster found that the ability of monitoring, evaluating and information publishing about freezing rain disaster in mountain area still need to be reinforced.