积极心理辅导综合模式对大学生心理健康的影响

The Impact of Positive Psychological Counselling Comprehensive Model on Psychological Health of University Student

目的考察积极心理辅导综合模式对大学生幸福感和心理水平的影响。方法采用整群抽样的方法,在2007级新生中随机抽取4个班,分为实验组和对照组(各2个班)。对实验班采用心理健康教育、团体辅导和个体咨询相结合的综合模式。对照组为空白对照。使用幸福感指数量表(ICWB)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行效果评价。结果辅导后实验班学生的生活满意度和幸福感指数的变化达到显著水平(P<0.05),幸福感有所增强。SCL-90总分及各因子分均有下降,人际关系敏感、焦虑、精神病性因子得分的变化达到显著水平(P<0.05),躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁和总分的变化非常显著(P<0.01)。各因子分≥3.0者由8人减少到2人,心理问题检出率明显下降,达到统计意义上的显著水平(占8.10%,Z=-2.333,P<0.05)。学生体会也显示很高的学习满意度和融洽的师生关系。结论积极心理辅导综合模式可以提高大学生的幸福感和心理健康水平。

Objective To research the impact of Positive psychological counselling comprehensive model on the students sense of happiness and psychological levels.Methods In cluster sampling,four classes from 2007 first-year students were randomly selected and divided into experimental and control groups（each consisting two classes of students）.The experimental group received mental health education,group counseling and psychological counselling.The control group was in control.ICWB and the SCL-90 were used for evaluation.Results The experimental group show that：life satisfaction and happiness index changed to achieve significant levels（P〈0.05）.Scores of SCL-90 and the sub-factors dropped and the students whose each sub-factor≥3.0 points reduced from eight to two.The detection rate of psychological problems decreased significantly,reaching statistical significance on the significant level（8.10%,Z=-2.333,P〈0.05）.Conclusion Positive psychological counselling integrated approach can improve the well-being of students and their mental health.