浙江省1987至2006年白内障患病趋势评价

The evaluation of tendency of cataract prevalence from 1987 to 2006 in Zhejiang province

目的评价浙江省1987至2006年白内障患病趋势及防盲治盲效果。方法采用浙江省1987年、2006年残疾人普查数据、浙江省残疾人联合会防盲治盲数据库、浙江省防盲治盲办公室1987-2006年有关初级眼保健和防盲治盲工作的规划、计划、总结报告及会议纪要等资料进行统计分析。结果2006年浙江省范围内对双眼盲与低视力者进行的流行病学分层随机抽样调查结果显示，共调查95392人，其中盲人255例，患病率2．67‰；低视力患者567例，患病率5．94‰。白内障患病率为7．35‰，女性高于男性（χ^2=81．66，P〈0．01）。由白内障致盲占盲人的58．86％，低视力患者中63．79％为白内障所致。与1987年第一次残疾人调查结果比较显示，盲患病率略有降低，但差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0．384，P=0．535），而低视力患病率却显示明显增加（χ^2=32．434，P〈0．01）。两次调查结果都显示了白内障占致残原因的第一位。结论白内障仍是导致盲与低视力的主要原因，防盲治盲工作虽然取得一定成效，但随着我省人口老龄化的加剧，白内障患者将继续增加，防盲治盲任务更加艰巨。

Objective To evaluate the long-term trend of cataract prevalence and the effect of prevention and treatment blindness in Zhejiang Province. Methods The data were obtained from handicapped sampling investigation in 1987 and 2006 in Zhejiang Province, and from a database of prevention and treatment blindness of the Zhejiang Province Disabled Persons＇ Federation. Results In 2006, a random sampling investigation were carried out on both eyes blind and the low vision in Zhejiang Province. Sample size were 95 392, the prevalence rate of blindness and low vision were 2. 67 ‰ and 5.94 ‰, respectively. The prevalence rate of cataract was 7.35 ‰, the female was higher than the male （ χ^2=ract, and the low vision caused by cataract was 63.79%. Comparing with the first disabled person＇ investigation in 1987, the result showed that the prevalence of blindness had reduces slightly, but no significantly difference （χ^2= 0. 384, P = 0. 535 ）, and that the prevalence of low vision appeared significantly increase （ χ^2=32. 434, P 〈 0.01 ）. Together with two investigations results indicated that cataract is the first cause for the vision disability. Conclusion Cataract is still the first cause for blindness and low vision. Though the effort to prevention and treatment blindness during 20 years obtains some certain results, prevent and treat blindness will still be an arduous work in Zhejiang province, because of accelerated aging population problem, which will induce an increase on number of cataract patient.