1Khan SA, Taylor - Robinson SD, Toledano MB, et al. Changing international trends in mortality rates for liver, biliary and pancreatic tumours [ J ]. J Hepatol, 2002,37 (6) : 806 - 813.
2Shaib YH, El- Serag HB, Davila JA, et al. Risk factors of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: a case - control study [ J ]. Gastroenterology, 2005,128 ( 3 ) : 620 - 626.
3Taylor- Robinson SD, Toledano MB, Arora S, et al. Increase in mortality rates from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in England and Wales 1968 - 1998[ J]. Gut,2001,48(6) : 816 - 820.
4Patel T. Increasing incidence and mortality of primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States [ J ]. Hepatology,2001,33(6) : 1353 - 1357.
5Berthiaume EP, Wands J. The molecular pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma[ J ]. Semin Liver Dis, 2004,24 ( 2 ) : 127 - 137.
7Tada M, Omata M, Ohto M. High incidence of ras gene muta- tion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma[ J]. Cancer, 1992,69 (5): 1115-1118.
8Tannapfel A, Benicke M, Katalinic A, et al. Frequency of p16 (INK4A) alterations and K- ras mutations in intrahepatic cholangiocareinoma of the liver[ J ]. Gut, 2000,47 (5) : 721 - 727.
9Terada T, Ashida K, Endo K,et al. c - erbB -2 protein is expressed in hepatolithiasis and cholangiocarcinoma[ J]. Histopathology, 1998,33 (4) : 325 - 331.
10Kim FIJ, Yoo TW, Park DI, et al. Gene amplification and protein overexpression of HER -2/neu in human extrahepatic eholangiocareinoma as detected by chromogenic in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry: its prognostic implication in node - positive patients [ J ]. Ann Oncol, 2007, 18(5) : 892 -897.
4[1]Kawasaki H, Altieri DC, Lu CD, et al. Inhibition of apoptosis by survivin predicts shorter survival rates in colorectal cancer[J]. Cancer Res, 1998,58(22) :5071-5074.
5[2]Sasaki S, Kitagawa Y, Sekido Y, et al. Molecular processes of chromosome 9p21 deletions in human cancers[J]. Oncogene, 2003,22(24):3792-3798.
6[3]Calero Moreno TM, Gustafsson G, Garwicz S, et al. Deletion of the Ink4-locus (the p16ink4a, P14arf and p15ink4b genes) predicts relapse in children with ALL treated according to the Nordic protocols NOPHO-86 and NOPHO-92[J]. Leukemia, 2002,16(10):2037-2045.
7[4]Kaye FJ. RB and cyclin dependent kinase pathways: defining a distinction between RB and p16 loss in lung cancer[J]. Oncogene, 2002,21(45):6908-6914.
8[5]Peng CY, Chen TC, Hung SP, et al. Genetic al terations of INK4alpha/ARF locus and p53 in human hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Anticancer Res, 2002,22(2B) :1265-1271.
9[6]Bazan V, Zanna I, Migliavacca M, et al. Prognostic significance of p16IN K4a alterations and 9p21 loss of heterozygosity in locally advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma[J]. J Cell Physiol, 2002,192(3):286-293.
10[7]Yoshida S, Todoroki T, Ichikawa Y, et al. Mutations of p16Ink4/CDKN2 and p15Ink4B/MTS2 genes in biliary tract cancers[J]. Cancer Res, 1995,55(13):2756 -2760.
