纳洛酮治疗轻中度急性乙醇中毒的疗效观察

The effect observed of naloxone on mild to moderate acute ethanol poisoning

目的评价纳洛酮药物对临床表现符合兴奋期和共济失调期的轻中度急性乙醇中毒患者的临床效果。方法对笔者所在医院2007年1月至2008年12月经院前急救和院内急诊中确诊的急性乙醇中毒，诊治时临床表现处于兴奋期和共济失调期的患者104例，随机分为纳洛酮治疗组和常规治疗组。其中纳洛酮治疗组54例，确诊后在常规治疗的基础上立即肌注纳洛酮0.4mg；常规治疗组50例，确诊后仅给予常规治疗。全部病例每20min观察呼吸、脉搏、血压和神志情况并记录。结果纳洛酮治疗组经早期使用纳洛酮后有1例出现昏睡，53例在60-120min意识清楚临床症状消失；常规治疗组有6例出现昏睡，44例在60-120min意识清楚临床症状消失；经X^2检验P〈0.05有显著性差异。结论在常规治疗的基础上尽早使用纳洛酮可有效减少处于兴奋期和共济失调期的急性乙醇中毒患者昏睡昏迷的发生，缩短治疗时间，提高抢救成功率。

Objective To evaluate the clinical performance of drug naloxone exciting period and ataxia consistent with the period of acute ethanol intoxication with mild to moderate clinical effect in patients. Methods January 2007 - 2008 period of 12 years pre-hospital and hospital emergency diagnosis of patients with acute ethanol poisoning, diagnosis and treatment of clinical manifestations in the excitement when the period and 104 cases of ataxia period, were randmnly divided into naloxone the treatment group and conventional treatment group. Naloxone treatment group in which 54 cases diagnosed in the conventional treatment based on the immediate intramuscular injection of naloxone 0.4mg ; conventional therapy group 50 cases, diagnosis is only given conventional treatment. All cases observed every 20 minutes breathing, pulse, blood pressure and consciousness and records. Results Naloxone treatment group by the early use of naloxone appear after one cases of drowsiness, 53 cases of 60 - 120 minutes a clear awareness of the disappearance of clinical symptoms; conventional treatment group, six cases of sleeping there, 44 cases of awareness in the 60 - 120 minutes clearly the disappearance of clinical symptoms; by X^2 test P 〈0.05 significant difference. Conclusion The conventional treatment as soon as possible based on the use of naloxone can be effective in reducing the duration and ataxia in the exciting period in patients with acute alcohol poisoning coma drowsiness condition and shorten the treatment time to improve the success rate. Report are as follows.