社区流动人口艾滋病防治知识访谈

Group Inquiry on AIDS Related-Subjects Among Floating Population

目的了解社区流动人口对艾滋病知识的知晓情况,以及对艾滋病健康教育的需求,寻找在社区中开展艾滋病健康教育的有利与不利因素,为进一步定量研究和干预提供依据。方法采用访谈式提纲对在南充市顺庆区5个社区16～49岁打工者中的流动人口以及街道社区相关流动人口管理人员进行调研访谈。结果流动人口以青壮年居多,文化程度低,艾滋病防治意识薄弱,只有1/3的人听说过艾滋病,知道艾滋病主要的传播途径及高危人群;对婚外性行为和婚前性行为危害认识不足,大多数赞成婚前性行为,其中对待婚外性行为男性更为开放;少数人知道安全套的防病作用。社区干部全部听说过艾滋病,约一半知道艾滋病传播途径和主要高危人群,大多数参加过防艾宣传活动。结论流动人口艾滋病防治知识缺乏,传统性道德观念的转变和安全套使用率低是艾滋病在流动人口中流行和蔓延的重要因素。社区在防治艾滋病活动中具有重要作用,应充分利用社区资源,保证艾滋病防治工作可持续发展。

Objective To investigate the status of the floating population on the AIDS protection knowledge, understand the requirements of the floating people on the AIDS related educations, find out the advantageous and disadvantageous factors of the AIDS educations in the community inhabitants, and then provide enough reasons for health education. Method In 38 communities of Shunqin District, Nanchong City, floating people of 16 to 49 years old and street managers were surveyed with group or individual inquiry. Results Most of the floating people were young, less educated and poorly aware of HIV prevention. Only one of third of the floating population had heard the AIDS, and knew the major spreading routes of the AIDS and high hazardous population, while they paid little attention on the sexual behaviors before marriage and outside the marriage. Most of them were not against premartial sex. But few of them knew the effectiveness of the condom. Regarding to the community and street managers, all of them had heard the AIDS, but only half on them knew the spreading routes of the AIDS, and many of them had undertaken the AIDS protection propagandas. Conclusion Most of the floating people are lack of the AIDS protection knowledge. Changing of the traditional sexual ethics and lower condom usage can be attributed to the AIDS spreading in the floating population. Furthermore, community can do important role on the AIDS protection and ensure the eontinuable development of the AIDS protection activities by using the community resources.