2Heyamah,Heyl,Tanigamih,et al.Effecta of erytailoid and onlloid preload on blood volume in the parturient undergoing spinal anethesia for elective cesarean sectlon[J].Anesthesiology,1999,91(7):1571 - 1576
2Singbartl K, Schleinzer W, Singbartl G. Hypervolemic hemodilution: an alternative to acute normovolemie hemodilution? A methematical analysis.J Surg Res, 1999, 86: 206-212.
3Tschaikowsky K, Meisner M, Durst R, et al. Blood volume determination using hydroxyethyl starch: a rapid and simple intravenous injection method. Crit Care Med, 1997, 25 : 599-605.
4Trouwborst A, Woerkens E, Daele MV, et al, Acute hypervolaemic haemodilution to avoid blood transfusion during major surgery, Lancet,1990, 336: 1295-1299.