攀枝花农村地区彝汉两族育龄妇女宫颈糜烂现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on status and effect factors of cervical erosion in Han and Yi nationality married childbearing age women in rural areas of Panzhihua city

目的:了解西部偏远农村地区彝汉两族育龄妇女宫颈糜烂的流行现状及相关影响因素。方法:在攀枝花市盐边县共和乡随机抽取汉族和彝族已婚育龄期妇女各1000例,收集一般情况、个人卫生行为、生育史等流行病学资料,同时对每例研究对象用常规的方法进行妇科检查。采用单因素及多因素分析方法对影响因素进行分析。结果:该人群宫颈糜烂总患病率为41.8%,汉彝族妇女的患病率分别为53.0%和30.7%,汉族高于彝族(χ2=102.173,P=0.000)。且宫颈糜烂的严重程度也是汉族高于彝族。年龄是宫颈糜烂的保护性因素,而采用盆内浇洗的方式进行外阴清洗、性生活频率高、怀孕总次数多等是宫颈糜烂的危险因素。结论:西部农村地区已婚育龄妇女宫颈糜烂常见,患病率及严重程度汉族均高于彝族。良好个人卫生习惯、计划生育等措施可减少宫颈糜烂发生。

Objective： To understand the prevalence status and related effect factors of cervical erosion in Han and Yi nationality married childbearing age women in far rural areas of Western China. Methods ： The epidemiological data of 2 000 married childbearing age women （ 1 000 women of Han nationality and 1 000 women of Yi nationality） were collected and analysed, all the women received gynecolog- ical examination by routine methods. The effect factors were analysed by single - variable analysis and multivariate analysis. Results ： The to- tal prevalence of cervical erosion was 41.8%. The prevalence of Han nationality women （53.0%） was significantly higher than that of Yi na- tionality women （30.7%） （X2 = 102. 173, P = 0. 000） . Degree of severity of cervical erosion in Han nationality women was higher than that in Yi nationality women. Age was protective factor of cervical erosion. Washing pudendum in basin, high frequency of sexual intercourse, many times of pregnancy were risk factors of cervical erosion. Conclusion ： Cervical erosion is a common disease in rural areas in Western China. The prevalence and degree of cervical erosion in Han nationality women are higher than those in Yi nationality women. The preventive measures include good personal health habits and family planning.