上海市长宁区帮困妇女生殖系统疾病及知识知晓调查

Investigation on prevalence of reproductive diseases and awareness status among poverty-stricken women in Changning District of Shanghai

目的:了解上海市长宁区帮困妇女生殖系统疾病知识认知和自报患病情况。方法:采用横断面调查方法,以长宁区2007年6～9月参加妇科普查的1487名帮困已婚妇女为研究对象,采用问卷调查的方式收集资料。应用t检验、趋势χ2检验和Logistic回归模型进行资料分析。结果:帮困妇女对生殖系统慢性疾病(如宫颈癌和乳腺癌)及性病可能症状相关知识知晓率较低,分别为32.0%,50.0%和52.9%;对其它生殖系统感染性疾病相关知识知晓率在75%以上。生殖系统疾病知识主要从广播/影视传媒(78.6%)和书刊报纸(64.1%)获得,缺少专业人员指导。最近2周和6个月报告有生殖系统疾病症状者分别占24.1%(其中50.6%未治疗)和26.7%(其中62.4%未治疗),经济困难和自感病轻是未治疗的主要原因。帮困妇女生殖健康知识得分与2周和6个月生殖系统疾病症状患病率呈负相关,OR(95%CI)分别为:0.83(0.73～0.95)和0.87(0.78～0.99)。结论:帮困妇女对生殖系统疾病的知识知晓尚不完善,自报生殖系统疾病症状患病率较高,有症状患者未治疗比例高,经济困难和认识不足是限制患者及时治疗的主要因素。

Objective： To understand the prevalence of self - reported reproductive diseases and the awareness of reproductive health knowledge among poverty - stricken women in Changning District of Shanghai. Methods： A cross - sectional study was carried out in 1 487 poverty - stricken women in Changning District of Shanghai from June 2007 to September 2007. Questionnaire and interviews were used to collect data, t test, trend X2 test and logistic regression were used in the study. Results ： Poverty - stricken women had poor awareness of chronic reproductive （cervical cancer and breast cancer） health knowledge and related symptoms of venereal diseases, the awareness rates were 32. 0%, 50. 0% and 52.9%, respectively. The awareness rate of other reproductive diseases was above 75.0%. They got knowledge mainly from broadcast/TV （78.6%）, newspapers （64. 1% ）, lacking of health professionals. During the past 2 weeks, 24. 1% of them （50. 6% without treatment） exhibited one or more abnormal reproductive symptoms and 26.7% of them （62. 4% without treatment） did during the past 6 months. The effect factors were economic hardship and neglect of reproductive diseases. There was negative correlation be- tween score of reproductive health knowledge and prevalence rates of abnormal reproductive symptoms during the past 2 weeks （ OR = 0. 83, 95 % C1 = 0. 73 - 0. 95 ） and 6 months （ OR = 0. 87, 95 % CI = 0. 78 - 0. 99 ） . Conclusion ： The awareness rate of reproductive health knowledge is low, which should be improved in poverty - stricken women. They exhibites high prevalence of abnormal reproductive symptoms and high proportion of not receiving any treatment. Poverty and inadequate attention being paid restrict the timely treatment.