中国现代知识分子的边缘心态与感伤体验

The Modern Chinese Intellectuals' Mentality of Being Marginalized and Sentimental Experience

现代作家的感伤倾向,很大程度上来自于他们创伤性的体验,尤其是童年时期的缺失性体验,形成了一种潜在而固定的心理结构。如果说感伤记忆主要带有个人色彩,那么边缘体验则更多地烙上了时代的印记。伴随着国家危机和社会的急剧转型,现代知识分子的政治地位、社会地位被快速边缘化,这是现代感伤生成的一个深层因素。中国现代知识分子的感伤还与中国的现代性追求紧密关联。现代性的建立过程,也是传统价值和美感不断受到冲击的过程,当传统的美感正无可挽回地远去时,挽歌般的感伤情调也就不可避免地产生了。

The sentimental tendency shown by the modern Chinese writers mainly resulted from their traumatic experiences; their childhood experiences of lacking in particular underlay their psychological structures. If their sentimental memories carry personal colors, their experiences of being marginalized were branded with the characteristics of the times. With the abrupt transformation of the national crisis and the society, the modern Chinese intellectuals were rapidly marginalized in terms of political and social status; this constituted a deep-rooted cause for the formation of the modern sentimental mentality, which was also closely related to China＇s pursuit of modernity. The process of the establishment of modernity was also the process in which the traditional values and aesthetic interests were under constant attacks. When the traditional aesthetic interests were irreversibly fading away, the elegiac sentiments inevitably came into being.