试验性冷热痛心理生理特征的行为学研究

A behavioral study of psycho-physiological characteristics of experimental tonic cold and heat pain

目的用行为学方法研究试验性冷、热痛的心理生理学特征。方法对60名健康受试者进行冷、热刺激，试验开始前进行心理特质测量，连续记录受试者报告的疼痛强度和被刺激手的红外热像图；给予麦克吉尔量表简表（SF—MPQ）进行疼痛强度和性质的评价。结果①焦虑和恐惧量表得分与冷痛强度呈显著正相关（r=0．57，r=0．45，均P〈0．05），而自我效能量表得分与热痛强度呈显著负相关（r=-0．43，P〈0．05）；②受试者对冷、热疼疳胜质的描述差异有显著性（χ^2=18．6，P=0．04）；③刺激后热痛觉减轻与手部表面温度恢复同步发生，而冷痛觉的减轻则显著滞后于温度的恢复（t=34．57，P〈0．05；t=23．66，P〈0．05）。结论试验性冷痛和热痛具有不同的心理生理学特点，与不同心理因素相关，其外周和中枢加工过程存在差异。

Objective To investigate the psycho-physiological characteristics of experimental tonic cold and heat pain in a behavioral study. Methods Sixty healthy subjects went through the tonic cold and tonic heat stimulation in a counter-balanced order. Psychological traits were measured before the experiment. Pain intensity ratings were recorded together with continuous Infrared thermal imaging recording. SF-MPQ was employed to assess pain intensity and affective measures. Results Anxiety and fear were positively correlated with cold pain intensity on SF-MPQ ,while GESE was negatively correlated with that of heat pain （ r= 0.57, P〈 0.05 ; r= 0.45, P〈 0.05, respectively）. Verbal descriptors chosen from SF-MPQ for cold and heat pain significantly differed（ χ^2= 18.6, P = 0.04）. Infrared thermal imaging results showed after stimulation, heat pain intensity ratings decreased simultane- ously with skin surface temperature recovery to baseline. In contrast, skin surface temperature began to return to baseline well before the cold sensation began to diminish（ t= 34.57, P〈 0.05; t= 23.66, P〈 0.05）. Conclusion Experimental tonic cold and heat pain are not psychophysically identical, but may be predicted by different psychological traits, and may reside in differential peripheral and central processing in human.