兰州市城区3～6岁儿童零食行为现况调查

Snack Behavior Among Children Aged 3-6 Years in Unban Lanzhou

目的了解兰州市3～6岁儿童零食消费现状及其影响因素,为儿童保健与健康教育策略提供依据。方法参考地域分布、经济因素,采用分层整群抽样法,对兰州市城区5所幼儿园981名3～6岁儿童的抚养人进行零食行为问卷调查。结果97.1%的调查对象有食用零食的习惯,其中限制食用的零食(糖果及果冻、膨化食品、腌制食品、冰淇淋及雪糕等)是该人群主要的零食种类,可经常食用零食中新鲜水果食用频率为65.2%;零食食用频率明确影响正餐的摄入(P<0.05)。零食消费行为无性别、年龄及家庭月收入的差异(P值均>0.05),但抚养人的零食相关营养知识、态度、行为与零食选择的关系密切(P值均<0.05)。结论兰州市学龄前儿童零食消费存在诸多不安全因素。正确引导其零食消费行为除加强市场监管外,关键在于加强儿童抚养人的零食理念教育。

Objective To study the status and influencing factors of snack behavior among children aged 3 - 6 years in Lanzhou, and to provide reference for strategy of child health care and heath education. Methods Considering the areal distribution and economic factor 981 children were selected from 5 kindergartens in urban Lanzhou using cluster stratified sampling. A questionnaire about snack behavior was conducted towards their fosters. Results 97.1% respondent had the habit of eating snack, limited snack （ contain candy, jelly, puffed food, pickled food, ice cream, etc ） was the main type. The frequency of eating fresh friut was 65.2%. Frequency of eating snack significantly influenced the intake of dinner. （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no difference in snack consumption .between different sex, age and monthly family income （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. But snack selection was positively related to fosters＇ nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior on snack （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion There are many unsafe factors in snack consumption among preschool children in Lanzhou. The key method to lead right snack consume behavior is enhancing fosters＇ snack idea education except reinforcing market supervision.