某高校大学生参与式口腔健康教育效果评价

Impact Evaluation of Participatory Oral Health Education on College Students in a University

目的评价参与式口腔健康教育对大学生牙周健康状况及相关知识、行为的影响,探索适合大学生人群的口腔健康教育模式。方法采用分层、不等比随机抽样的方法,选取昆明理工大学40个宿舍(教育组、对照组各20个)共240名学生。教育组学生在专题小组访谈的基础上,进行小组讨论形式的参与式口腔健康教育,同时提供专为口腔健康教育设计的阅读材料,使用统一提供的牙膏、牙刷和手动牙线;对照组不进行任何干预措施。在健康教育后,比较2组学生牙周健康状况、口腔卫生知识和行为的改善情况。结果3个月后,教育组学生的软垢指数(0.89)、牙石指数(0.23)、牙龈指数(0.21)明显低于对照组(1.56,0.73,1.17)(P值均<0.05);教育组学生每天刷牙的次数以及每次刷牙的时间均优于对照组学生(P值均<0.01);刷牙方法、牙周疾病等口腔保健知识知晓率教育组优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义。结论参与式口腔健康教育方法能明显改善大学生的口腔卫生状况,提高参与者的口腔卫生知识和行为。

Objective To evaluate the effect of participatory oral health education on oral health knowledge, behavior and periodontal status among college students, and to explore adequate oral health pattern for college students. Methods By cluster random sampling, 40 dormitories chosen from Kunming Science and Technology University were divided into two groups ： the test group and the control group. The test group received focus group interview, tooth brush, toothpaste dental floss and oral health education materials. No oral health intervention was given to the control group. Periodontal status, self-reported change of oral health knowledge and behaviors were compared between two groups. Results After three months, the mean debris index （ DI ） , the mean calculus index （ CI ） and gingival index （ GI） of experimental group were 0.89, 0.23 and 0.21, significantly lower than those of the control group （ 1.56, 0.73 and 1.17 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. The experimental group brushed their teeth more often and longer than the control group（P 〈0. 01 ）. Knowledge of periodontal diseases and method of brush teeth, the experimental group was better than the control group, and the difference had statistical significance. Conclusion The participatory oral health education program is effective to improve the oral health status, oral health knowledge and behaviors of college students.