就业援助:英、美、日三国的实践模式及其启示

Employment Aid:Practice-Modes and Their Enlightenments of UK,USA and Japan

就业援助在不同的发达国家中具有不同的实践模式。英国的就业援助模式主要包括职业指导体系和再就业培训保障机制;美国的就业援助模式主要包括充分就业政策、失业保险制度和公共救助系统;日本的就业援助模式主要包括"终身雇佣"制、终身技能开发机制和劳动力供需调节机制。英、美、日三国实施就业援助的经验,给我国推进就业援助制度改革提供了一些有益的启示:一是要发挥政府在就业援助服务宏观管理方面的作用;二是要加强失业保险的法制建设;三是要健全失业保险制度;四是要完善再就业培训体系。

The employment aid means the country takes the measure to support the unemployed people to live on. The employment aid system refers to the government to establish the promotion unemployed people to be employed. Developed country＇s employment aid system basically includes the plan of ＂the synthesis social security aid＂, the employee training plan and the unemployed people＇s skill training and so on. Its dominant character is that the government is the main body of employment aid policy. It plays the guidance role very well. The overseas employment aid system＇s experience has given us some beneficial enlightenment, which firstly displays the government＇s function of macroscopic management in employment aid service, secondly strengthens the legislative work of the unemployment insurance, thirdly establishes the perfect society unemployment insurance system, fourthly constructs the perfect re-employment training system.